federal theology meaning

The seal by which this covenant was ratified and signified was at least the tree of life, lent a sacramental character has been attributed to almost everything mentioned is the scriptural account of Paradise. After an indefinite period this covenant was violated on man's part. The object of these was to limit the direct consequences of Adam's sin to a privation of original righteousness, or the loss of those aids of the divine spirit on which they made the original moral image to depend, to temporal evils, and to bodily death, together with such a depravation of our mental and moral state as renders us incapable of obedience, and so to extend the benefits of Christ's death, that he should not only be regarded as dying for all men alike, but as actually restoring to them such supernatural aids as, if properly used, would enable them to lay hold upon the great salvation (Nichol's Calvinism and Arminianism in Watson's Theol. This was the unity of their nature with his, and his peculiar, position as the natural head of the race; but their representation was something additional to all: that. ii, ch. ii, 412). There was a reason on account of which he was thus chosen to act in their stead. Redemp. The celebrated Richard Baxter, though he "subscribed to the Synod of Dort without any exception, limitations or exposition of any word," was an ardent admirer of the federal theology, as qualified by Amyraut (Preface to The Saints' Rest, 1650; Cath. Of course the only administrator of it was the Son of God himself, the mediator between God and man. In this relation he was to act in all he did as their representative. Delivered to your inbox! It is clearly the case that Jesus took our place on th… Federal Theology Monday, May 23, 2011. Is it fair for Jesus, who committed no sin, to become sin for us and represent us on the cross? This result was not the effect of any action on God's part either positive or privative, but in the exercise of man's-own freedom. And yet it is something more than a mere law or promise. iv). See synonyms for federal theology noun (In Calvinist thought) theology organized around the idea of an Old Testament Covenant of Works and a New Testament Covenant of Grace. Post the Definition of federal theology to Facebook, Share the Definition of federal theology on Twitter. Leyden, 1704, and Compend of Theology, Berne, 1703) were the organic union of the three great tendencies of Scholasticism, Federalism, and Cartesianism, and have obtained general acceptance in the schools of Holland; and in those of F. A. Lampe, the pastor of several influential congregations and a professor in Utrecht (1720-27), whose doctrinal and practical works in the German vernacular have had the honor of reconciling Pietism to the orthodox Church, and have sometimes had a popularity scarcely inferior to the authorized Catechism of the national Church. Learn a new word every day. on Theol. Not that each person s-as judicially condemned to all these evils exclusively on account of the first sin, but such were the consequences which would certainly follow that act. To this must be added its actual administration in time. The apostle often speaks of. Not only was he, as a moral being, under obligation to conform to the law written upon his heart, and to obey the positive precept given to test his confidence in God, but eternal life was promised him on condition of his obedience. Federal headship is simply a way some scholars have chosen to speak about Adam’s, and then Christ’s, involvement in the destiny of humanity. ser. ; Buck's, Simith's, and Kitto's Dictionaries, art. II. By their doctrine of a general redemption, they maintain that in spite of the loss of the supernatural aids through the Fall, and the consequent incapacity of unassisted man to have such good dispositions, there is given to every one, through Christ, those gracious influences which, if not resisted, would lead on to a saving conversion (Watson's Theol. Cocceius, Burmanan, Witsius, and Voetius; Ebrard's Chr. ii, 208-11). Then, having obtained full possession of his kingdom, he will present it to the Father as the economical representative of the Godhead, either in token of the completeness of his work, or as indicating the close of his mediatorship. viii and xii; Hill's Lect. 1640s, as a theological term (in reference to "covenants" between God and man), from French fédéral, an adjective formed from Latin foedus (genitive foederis) "covenant, league, treaty, alliance," from PIE *bhoid-es-, suffixed form of root *bheidh-"to trust, confide, persuade.". The whole race sinned in Adam and fell with his-a not because of any confusion of personal or moral identity, not because of any transference of character from one man to another but simply because all were represented in him. Although the same word in the original languages of the Bible is applied to all covenants between God and man, the advocates of the federal system have translated them differently when applied on the one hand to the great covenants of nature and of grace, and on the other to the different economies under the covenant of grace. See more. The latter was the aspect in which the covenant of grace has usually been presented icy its advocates. He simply acted in behalf of them, as a parent, or guardian, or agent often does. At the two last national synods ever held in France (Charenton, in 1645, and Loudun, in 1659) the authors successfully defended themselves from the charge of heresy, and maintained that their views were only a more distinct statement of doctrines which had been universally held 'by the orthodox Church since primitive times, and especially by Augustine and Calvin; but a statement of opinions imputed to them (incorrectly, as they maintained) was condemned :at a synod at Charenton(1642), and the. Abbreviation to define. It is not denied that by these expressions he usually meant the Mosaic or Sinaitic dispensation, in distinction from the evangelical, but, it is thought that such a dispensation could be designated a covenant of works only because it was a republication of a moral law to be a rule of conduct, but not a covenant of life, for a particular nation. He thus becomes their surety, not merely to make them inherently holy, but to perform what is required of them. On the other hand, some have contended that the covenant of redemption is that stricter arrangement according to which believers are delivered from all sin, while that of grace is that wider one according to which a sufficient atonement was provided for all men. that between the πάρεσις of the Old and the ἄφεσις of the New Testament, as shown in Ro 3:25-26, and the three dispensations or economies of the covenant of grace); a minute parallel is drawn between the two covenants by the introduction of four sacraments into Paradise (the tree of life, the tree of knowledge, the Sabbath, and Paradise itself);: and a sacramental character is given to a multitude of things under the economy before the law (the coats of skins, the ark, the rainbow, etc. — The fundamental idea of the system is that man has always stood towards God in the relation of a covenant, though a covenant of a peculiar character. Our First Federal Head “Death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those who had not sinned according to the likeness of the transgression of Adam, who is a type of Him who was to come” (v. 14). Website HTML, editorial descriptions, and images ©2020 StudyLamp Software LLC. Printer friendly. of Doctr. Unfortunately, Christians have their own “lingo”. Verse reference tagging and popups powered by VerseClick™. 1665), he comprises all the doctrines of the Christian religion under the two great categories of the covenants of nature and of grace. 4:chap. ix; Presb. its history. That this is a true statement of the case was inferred from that which actually followed the transgression of our first parents, and must have been more or less clearly known to them. Elench. In 1660, STILLINGFL. AND FEDERAL THEOLOGY Richard C. Barcellos* Much has been written in the last few decades concerning the reassessment or reappraisal of seventeenth-century Reformed orthodoxy.1 Older scholarship viewed the Seventeenth Century as a period of downward movement, increasingly tending toward rationalism and proof-texting, driven by a central-dogma (i.e., the decree of predestination), … Instit. Theolog. FV stands for Federal Vision (theology). § 74; Knapp's Christ. But, whether he demits his peculiar office (1Co 15:28), or only brings his mediatorial kingdom into some new relation, he will then complete the scheme of the covenant of grace, and receive his eternally betrothed Church into an everlasting union with himself. English federal comes from the Latin noun foedus (stem foeder- ) “a formal agreement between states, peoples, or private persons, a league, treaty (of alliance or peace), a marriage compact.”. How to use federate in a sentence. Availing themselves of the double meaning, especially of the Greek word (διαθήκη), they lave usually designated these latter economies by the name of testaments, to indicate that they were that peculiar kind of arrangements which acquire validity only after the decease of him who makes them. Federal theology represents these requirements as being met in Christ, the second Adam, in whom a new race begins. By His life He satisfied the precept of the law, and by His death He satisfied its penalty. No intellectual knowledge, or upright purposes, or pure affections could give the creature absolute immutability; and hence, with the highest and best gifts, man "being left to the freedom of his own will, fell from the estate in which he was created." Only his first sin was thus imputed to them because the original covenant was broken by that alone, and Adam must afterwards have stood as a single person, and not as a public representative. In his Summa doctrinae de faedere et testamento Dei (1648), and still further in his more enlarged Summa Theologiae (2d edit. The Father (who in this transaction is usually regarded as personating the Deity as such) engaged to spare his beloved Son, to furnish him with all suitable endowments and preparations for his work, to support him in it, to deliver into his hands all power in heaven and on earth, to pardon and accept all who should come unto God by him, and to confer upon him a glorious reward forever and ever. ii, 45). The United Presbyterian Church alone is said to maintain it, with some modifications connected with the theory of a general atonement (Wardlaw, On the Extent of the Atonement, § 13-15). iii, bk. The only difference between them was that salvation was presented with greater obscurity, under more symbolical forms, with narrower restrictions to families and nations, and with less enlarged measures of the divine Spirit at some periods than at others. Federal Theology (Lat.faedus, a compact; adj. The method he pursued has gained-for him the appellation of the Father of Biblical Theology and, laying aside the practice usual with his predecessors, of viewing divine truth in its subjective form, either as logically constructed by a human mind, or as it was supposed to lie in the divine mind around the great central doctrine of predestination, he professed to come to the Scriptures, reverently to read them, and derive his system from the inspired historical arrangement. of the Cov. The final cause of salvation he can indeed find nowhere else than in the divine mind, and he has no occasion to impinge against the highest style of contemporary orthodoxy, and yet he succeeded in giving to theology a more practical character. is Divinity, bk. viii and xiv). Federal definition is - of or constituting a form of government in which power is distributed between a central authority and a number of constituent territorial units. ii). If, therefore, no other scheme bad been proposed to man, each individual of our race had lain under the penalty of a broken covenant, which subjected him to a hopeless abandonment by his Maker, to all the evils of a dying state in this world, to final death itself, and to an everlasting banishment from God in the world to come. The ordinary idea of a covenant, which is that of a mutual compact between one or more parties, each bound to render some benefit to the other, is obviously excluded by the nature of the case. for 1868; L. Noack's Chr. This is historical theology, but its focus is definitely on history rather than theology. Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible). You must — there are over 200,000 words in our free online dictionary, but you are looking for one that’s only in the Merriam-Webster Unabridged Dictionary. *bhoidhes-) cognate with fid(ee)s: FAITH.] The first, however, who bad the genius and boldness to give definiteness and completeness to the system was John Koch (Cocceius), a pupil of his, and a successor in the same chair. § 41). the law of works in contrast with the law of faith, of the two covenants (Ga 4:24), and not unfrequently of an old and a new covenant. Federal Vision Theology had its beginnings in the Monroe, Louisiana, Auburn Avenue Presbyterian Church in 2002 with the teachings of Norman Shepherd. Other classes of Presbyterians and Calvinistic Baptists in this country use the word redemption, and even atonement, in the sense of an entire deliverance from sin; and they, of course, confine its application to the elect. Although under all dispensations he conceived of man as receptive and God alone as communicative, he still represented man as coming under an obligation to perform certain duties which were looked upon as a virtual condition of the divine promises. Iren. 2. Federal theology holds that the Scriptures (see especially Rom. Formula Consensus Helvetica was composed principally by Heidegger (1675), and was adopted and sent forth to guard the churches against such views. Thee natural relation might have been, and doubtless was, the reason for his being chosen to such an office, but the legal or covenant unity was constituted by the divine designation and choice. The Wesleyans of England and America claim that they are enabled, by their peculiar modifications of it, to "carry through the system with greater consistency than the Calvinists themselves, inasmuch as they more easily account for certain good dispositions and occasional religious inclinations in those who never give evidence of actual conversion." The national Scotch Church, with its affiliated branches in Scotland and Ireland, has always upheld the system in its utmost consistency and extremest form. The penalty for disobedience was death, corporeal, spiritual, and eternal, for each of these necessarily followed a forfeiture of a divine life. From Adam to Moses, even before the Law was given, “death … — The words rendered covenant are frequently used in the original Scriptures in application to God's dealings with his creatures. 'Nip it in the butt' or 'Nip it in the bud'? Bible Answer: Both of these words are common words among Christians. He was constituted the representative of his race, and a limited period was assigned him in which the destiny of all was to be decided. As often occurs when great changes are introduced in formal statements of truth, this system was as bitterly opposed as if it had been an essential error. Dogm. i, att. | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples The difficulties, however, with which the system was pressed by its opponents were sought to be removed by Hermann Witsius, a successor and former pupil of Burmann in the theological chair of the University of Utrecht. Without ascribing to this transaction the technicalities of a human compact, and conceding that the whole mode of viewing it is anthropomorphic, it is contended that something equivalent to this, and amounting to such a mutual understanding, must have existed in the sacred Trinity. v, ch. See synonyms for federal theology noun (In Calvinist thought) theology organized around the idea of an Old Testament Covenant of Works and a New Testament Covenant of Grace. of Methodism, pt. A seed was secured to him by covenant and it was with an ultimate reference to these that he entered upon his work. § 40; D. Schenkel, Christ.-Dogmen. New search features Acronym Blog Free tools "AcronymFinder.com . in The Origins of the Federal Theology in Sixteenth-Century Reformation Thought. Federate definition is - united in an alliance or federation : federated. Adam stood in our place, not directly, because he was our natural head, but because God chose him to stand thus.

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