famous radio personalities 1940s

In 1934 four powerful stationsWOR New York, WGN Chicago, WLW Cincinnati, and WXYZ Detroitbanded together to form "The Quality Group," which later became the Mutual Broadcasting System. Frequency modulation (FM) was introduced in which static interference was much less. Wells's novel The War of the Worlds by Orson 2. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1997. is an American radio personality, author, and actress, best known for being the long-running news anchor and co-host of The Howard Stern Show. Tommie!' There were moves towards self-regulation in the 1930s also. Writer Archibald MacLeish produced "The Fall of the City," which symbolically represented the growing threat of war in 1937. The exceptional use of radio news broadcasting in the 1930s created the future expectation of immediacy of information. All over the world the potential of radio was quickly realized. Searching for operating funds, stations sought government support, gifts from the wealthy, voluntary contributions, or an annual fee assessed on listeners (the latter an approach already adopted in some countries). Programs became fixed in quarter-hour and half-hour blocks and featured a wide variety of formats. Johnny Otis Collection (SC 106) Over 800 radio programs of black popular music (live and prerecorded), hosted by Johnny Otis, and featuring live interviews with blues and rhythm & blues artists from the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s. Four yeas ago action did not come until the eleventh hour. Writer-producer-director Norman Corwin, one of radio's brightest talents, ruefully made the point that radio's most creative era was "the shortest golden age in history." During its brief heyday, however, dramatic radio thrived and was a vital part of . The list was selected from more than 300 nominees plus write-ins and was announced at a reception in honor of . Soon the reports made clear that the entire world had been invaded by Martians who planned on taking over the planet. Library of Congress Prints & Photographs Division. His company, RCAthe Radio Corporation of Americagrew from $11 million in sales the first year to $60 million three years later. His successor Harry Truman suffered from his abrupt Midwest behavior before the microphone, which contrasted sharply with Roosevelt's warm wit and charm. Episode 2 of "The Perada Treasure," from the children's adventure series Captain Midnight; airdate October 18, 1939. The tally resulted in an estimate of the number of people listening to a particular show; a rating of 14.2 meant that out of 100 people called, 14.2 were listening to a particular program at the time of the call. Many radio shows were broadcast all over the country, and served to create a community of shared experience for a diverse and widespread world. The former vaudevillian actor mastered the unique art of radio and created a variety show of immense popularity. Many Philadelphia DJs became celebrities, actively engaged and influential in . Father Charles Edward Coughlin (18911979). Smaller regionally based networks also existed during the 1930s and 40s, such as the Boston-based Yankee Network, which ultimately became a pioneer in FM, or frequency-modulation, broadcasting. 6:00 Sunriseincluding technical problems, 2:00 President Roosevelt's Address To Congress, 4:00 Baseball: Cleveland Indians at Washington Senators, 10:45 Repeat of President Roosevelt's Address to Congress, 11:00 Livingston's Orchestra (joined in progress at 11:20). Licenses for Edwin Armstrong's "static-free" frequency modulation (FM) concept of radio transmission were first granted in 1940-41. The stock market crash and following Great Depression brought economic hard times to many Americans. "Cookie Vejar Killing," an episode of the police drama series Calling All Cars; airdate December 27, 1933. Radio was used to communicate political positions, and to show support of, and against, politicians. . Jokes could not be reused as they could in live stage acts. A coloratura soprano, she performed opera, concert, and supper club singing. Stars of the stage, including theater stars and musical groups, became the stars of radio, with performers such as Edgar Bergen, Jack Benny, Bob Hope, Kate Smith, Guy Lombardo, Orson Welles, Barbara Stanwyck, Cary Grant, and Humphrey Bogart gracing the airwaves. Another example of the growth of radio news was the presence of tabloid reporting, which emphasized sensationalized topics. . Cleveland's radio industry in the 1980s was still largely in turmoil, with programming shifts, personality changes, and the rapid purchase and . The chats were highly popular and pioneered a means for future presidents to communicate directly with the public outside the normal news channels. During American radios Golden Age, much of the programming heard by listeners was controlled by advertising agencies, which conceived the shows, hired the talent and staff (sometimes drawing performers directly from the old vaudeville theatre circuit), and leased airtime and studio facilities from the radio networks. He hosted a celebrity gossip show during much of the Depression that became both very popular and highly criticized. In 1933 alone 3.6 million radio sets were sold. "Stage Holdup," an episode of the western series Gunsmoke, starring William Conrad; airdate January 2, 1954. In the November 1936 election President Roosevelt used the radio much more effectively than opponent Alf Landon, which partially contributed to Roosevelt's victory. He was the radio quiz show host of 'Information Please!', chief editor at Simon & Schuster, and literary editor of The New Yorker magazine in the 1930s and 1940s, among other employments. Andy: Yere's de well right yere. Kaltenborn, Edward R. Murrow, William L. Shirer, and Eric Severeid. Disc jockeys"DJs" who play music on the radiohave had a key role in shaping Philadelphia musical tastes since the 1950s. "On the Planet Mongo," an episode of the children's science-fiction series Flash Gordon; airdate April 27, 1935. The Public Papers and Addresses of Franklin D. Roosevelt: 1937 Volume. Charles Coughlin was a Canadian-American Catholic priest and populist leader who promoted antisemitic and pro-fascist views. View More. KSTP in St. Paul Minnesota covered a wedding in a hot air balloon for its listeners. It was during the Great Depression that America became a more unified nation and regional differences significantly declined. Over flagship station WEAF in New York City, announcer Graham McNamee presided over the inaugural broadcast; guest stars included humourist Will Rogers, speaking from Independence, Kansas, and opera star Mary Garden, singing from Chicago. From Needletime to the Peel Sessions Selected discography View More. Kendrick, Alexander. I know whut I'se doin'. His critics charged that he was able to use his unique position and access to mass media to support his views. Inventing American Broadcasting 18991922. https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-and-education-magazines/radio-1929-1941, "Radio 1929-1941 We ought to tell him. "Pride of the Marines," an episode of the motion-picture adaptation series Academy Award Theater, starring John Garfield; airdate June 15, 1946. The radio had become such an integral part of the lives of Americans that it instigated panic throughout the country. In 1947 Jackie Robinson became the first black to play Major League Baseball. In February of 1936 the Popular Front, a left wing group, opposed by the military, had been elected. . Other politicians and political pundits, regardless of their agreement or disagreement with what Roosevelt had to say, were generally in awe of his natural ability to make great use of the mass media. The Beulah Show is an American situation-comedy series that ran on CBS radio from 1945 to 1954, and on ABC television from 1950 to 1952. Similarly crime dramas were also popular, with shows like "Sherlock Holmes" and "The Green Hornet.". Radio had become a powerful and influential media for the expression of opinion on an international basis. Hattie McDaniel took over in Nov of 1947. Americans expected to learn about events quickly, and as television gained momentum later in the century, this expectation was carried into television broadcasting: viewers expected to see events virtually as they happened. Henry Ford (1863 - 1947) US Industrialist. Andy: Instead o' payin' 'tention to whut you was doin', you was sittin' here dreamin'. Sports commentary was popular on radio and play-by-play commentary on baseball and other games was popular, though not always what it seemed. Article; Talk; English. Later recorded music was regularly broadcast, and radio stations had a series of continuing battles with ASCAP (American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers) over how to charge fees for playing recorded music that had copyrights. As the Great Depression deepened in the United States and around the world in the early 1930s, reliance on radio increased. It was almost too late . The program lamented the German military planes flying at will over his native country and wreaking havoc with their bombs. View More. Barbara Stanwyck, Lucille Ball, and Bette Davis were just some of the stars that appeared on radio during the Depression. (Tone. Beginning in the 1930s and continuing for more than two decades, a majority of prime-time network programs were actually created by advertising agencies employed by sponsors. Radio Priest: Charles Coughlin, the Father of Hate Radio. Along with this Hooperating, as it was then known, the audience share of a given program was listed; this was the rating divided by all the sets then being used. Hilmes, Michele and Jason Loviglio. Movie attendance was down in the Depression and this was a popular way for the family to be entertained. Radio comedies, however, were limited to minstrel-style shows performed by white artists. There was a new profound sense of community, both in the homes, in which families and friends grouped around the radio, and in the discussion of the programs at work and school. Andy: Hol' dat bucket o' milk dere while I pour some water in it. But acceptance of radio advertising was slow, as broadcasters did not want to offend listeners. Born Benjamin Kubelsky, comedian and musician Jack Benny became an American phenomenon. New York: Penguin Putnam, Inc., 1997, pp. In the mid-to late-1920s, networks were formed as companies bought stations all over the country, forming a "network" of radio stations. The complex drama was both criticized for its racial insensitivity and lauded for showing a humanistic portrait of a particular subset of society (from Charles J. Correll and Freeman F. Gosden. Boston: Little, Brown, 1969. Individuals all over America laughed together at Jack Benny and worried together over alien invasion orchestrated in a studio by Orson Welles. HYLAND: Good lord! Radio was born. German Minister of Propaganda Joseph Goebbels was reportedly very sensitive to the enormous impact that radio could have. Mark Levin. FM was clearly superior in the quality of the broadcast. Raised on Radio. Not only would Americans share in the hardship caused by the Depression and in the solutions offered by the New Deal, but also in fads which themselves provided further escape from the Depression. Han' me dat bucket. Radio was how America got its news and how it was entertained. Read; Edit; View history; More. Nationally distributed magazines had been the key medium before the rise of radio and national broadcasting networks. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Not everyone approved of the escapism of radio. He also provided the voice of Norville "Shaggy" Rogers in the Scooby-Doo franchise from 1969 to 1997, and again from 2002 until 2009. President Roosevelt used the radio for regular "fireside chats" with the American people, explaining the major events of the time and his response to them in a calm and reassuring voice. Paley developed and ran the CBS radio and television networks. The FCC took the place of the Federal Radio Commission and oversaw the telecommunications industry as well as broadcasting. Ronald Reagan (served 19811989) became another president skilled at using mass media to charm the public and press while seeking to gain support for his programs. By the beginning of 1927, NBC had two networks, the Red and the Blue, which totaled 25 stations; more would join. AM (or amplitude modulation) radio could reach long distances, but with greatly diminished quality. The term "DJ" emerged in the 1950s with the popularity of rock and roll. As the country came increasingly close to war, his diocese, in Detroit, chose to review his statements prior to broadcast. Fireside Politics: Radio and Political Culture in the United States, 1920-1940, by Douglas B. Craig "Remembering the LadiesA Salute to the Women of Early Radio," by Donna L. Halper, "Popular Communications," January 1999. Children would mail in a label and a modest amount of money for the ring. Some of the leading voices from radio's golden age, in the 1930s and '40s, may have gone on to even greater fame elsewhere, such as Bob Hope and Gene Autry. By the mid-1930s two-thirds of American homes had radio sets, and by 1939 about 80 percent of Americansabout 25 million peopleowned radios. The chain was purchased by Edward J. Noble, president of the Life Savers candy company. In 1932 NBC posted a profit of $1 million and CBS posted a profit of $1.6 million. As more world leaders and their opposition realized that, they were able, increasingly, to take advantage of it to reach millions of prospective supporters for their programs and causes. Chicago also soon developed into a major centre of radio production, transmitting many of the daytime soap operas and afternoon shows for children. Harriet Hilliard, 1930's (Ozzie & Harriet), Agnes Moorehead with William Spier (Suspense producer/director). "Against the Storm," "Brighter Day," "City Hospital," "Tale of Today," and "We Love and Learn" were all popular soap operas. In 1939 he wrote "They Fly through the Air with the Greatest of Ease" for his "Words Without Music" radio series. Richar Diamond starring Dick Powell.First came Rogue's Gallery *where I know him from originally*in 1945-46. Later in the 1930s as Spain descended into civil war, radio became pivotal in rallying the forces opposing the military government. The New Deal's Communications Act of 1934 survives largely intact. New York still had a bustling radio community, but the Chicago shows began moving to one coast or the other. The Great Depression. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Writer-producer-director Norman Corwin, one of radios brightest talents, ruefully made the point that radios most creative era was the shortest golden age in history. During its brief heyday, however, dramatic radio thrived and was a vital part of American culture. Its premiere was lauded as exceptional, bold radio. Good memories." These well-funded productions were high quality with a great deal of planning, classic scripts, and major stars and they attracted large audiences. 61 soap operas on the radio in 1939 alone, and some of the soap operas on television today got their start on radio. He spoke with clarion clarity, his voice an elocution . (Picks up phone. eds. By 1933, 25 percent of the workforce, or over 12 million people, were out of work. Douglas, Susan Jeanne. Kennedy's good looks and calm demeanor won over many supporters following a live televised debate. New York: Pantheon Books, 1998. "Apache Peak," an episode of the western series Tales of the Texas Rangers, starring Joel McCrea; airdate July 22, 1950. After the initial expense of purchasing a radio, it was rather cheap to enjoy the programs. Fred W. Kaltenbach. famous radio personalities 1940s Isgho Votre ducation notre priorit As censorship became stricter toward the end of the 1930s, the networks ruled that there could be no more jokes about nudity. In 1933 you and I knew that we must never let our economic system get completely out of joint againthat we could not afford to take the risk of another great depression. Another firm that measured audience response was the A.C. Nielsen Co., which provided thousands of listeners with a mechanical device called an audiometer. (February 22, 2023). The program played on the increased racism related to the hard times of the Great Depression. Part of its responsibilities was to assign specific radio frequencies and call letters to radio stations. To celebrate 40 years of . I want to talk with you very simply about the need for present action in this crisisthe need to meet the unanswered challenge of one-third of a Nation ill-nourished, ill clad, ill-housed. typical "household hints" programming that was de rigueur at the time for female radio personalities Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Westport, CT and London: Praeger, 1993. Radio had given a voice to Americans' fears about the coming world war. Music was performed live during the early days of radio, so studios were built large enough to accommodate full orchestras. Now the mass produced goods could be promoted through the mass media for mass consumption. Boston, MA: Little, Brown & Co., 1993. Freeman Gosden and Charles Correll (18991982). The effects of the Depressionpoverty, joblessness, homelessness, and hungertook a mental toll on Americans. The program changed names over the years as it was sponsored by different products, but Benny remained a household name as the protagonist of the show. The Saint .The longest-running radio incarnation was with Vincent Price, who played the character in a series between 1947 and 1951 on three networks: CBS, Mutual and NBC. Historic Events for Students: The Great Depression. . . His last radio show was in 1955. Like The Whistler, the program had an opening whistle theme with footsteps. 32. The Most Famous Radio Personality; Name Birthday Nationality Bio; Art Bell: June 17, 1945: American: . The public found radio to be the most accessible form of entertainment and information available. Radio provided a huge and attentive audience, but it also provided unique demands. Matt "Money" Smith: Initially the "sports guy" on KROQ, he rose to his own sports-talk show and . Many advertisers made themselves known by eventually adopting the practice of combining their name with the name of the star or the title of the program, as with Camel Caravan, sponsored by the R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, or A&P Gypsies, sponsored by the largest American grocery-store chain at the time. Winchell is sometimes considered the father of tabloid reporting. An outstanding comedic duo, the show was a huge success providing many laughs to the American audiences during the Great Depression and later made the transition to television. People in the cities, farms, and suburbs listened to the same programs at the same time. The economic situation during the Depression directly impacted radio. The networks encouraged the companies to develop programming to attract more and more listeners. Radio news had reached its maturity. Networks competed to hire famous conductors, orchestras, and soloists. Lillian Disney at Schiphol Airport in 1951 by Carel L. de Vogel from Wikimedia Commons. Adam Carolla. Even in the 1990s and early twenty-first century presidents Bill Clinton (served 19932001) and George W. Bush (served 2001) used weekly radio broadcasts to But when, almost two years later, it came before the Supreme Court its constitutionality was upheld only by a five-to-four vote. One study showed that more than 15 million Americans listened to Coughlin each month, and more than half of them approved of what he said. He remained associated with Benny's radio and television programs until Benny's death in 1974. 3. The U.S. Congress became concerned that one company would control too much of the media in any one town. The shift to television in the 1950s, however, had a major impact on radio. Men were often out of work, stressed by their situation, and maybe even on the road for long periods looking for job opportunities. 22 Feb. 2023 . and radio performer. Throughout the war, broadcasts in many languages and sponsored by many groups rallied support and impacted the outcome of the war. Sound effects are an important part of communicating drama and comedy over the radio. October 2nd, 1924, the day WCCO Radio came to the airwaves of Minnesota. Composer Irving Berlin complained that Americans were becoming listeners rather than singers. The open discussions with the public had a major impact on Roosevelt's presidency, building a high level of trust. Early ads promoted an institutional image in a style later common to public radios underwriting announcements. Use of the radio for political purposes by presidents continued into the twenty-first century as President George W. Bush conducted weekly Saturday radio addresses, both in English and Spanish. While in London Murrow brought together several exceptionally talented newsmen, known as "Murrow's Boys.". 1. President Roosevelt in early 1934 Radio of the 1930s provided a blueprint for the understanding and expectations of media for the rest of the century. In 1934 Parsons launched a variety hour, "Hollywood Hotel" that included interviews with actors and celebrity news. In Historical Journal of Film, Radio, and Television. The radio also became a forum for discussionand promotionof all aspects of the policy changes. Rogue's Gallery was just a warm up for Richard Diamond, a series that took the best of the Richard Rogue character and made it even more suave and swinging by placing Diamond in New York City and giving him a Park Avenue girlfriend that purrs like a Jaguar. View More. This was Radio. The FCC was created to regulate communication services and rates and license radio stations. In 1930 the Association of National Advertisers, along with the Cooperative Analysis of Broadcasting, devised a ratings system called the Crossley Report, for which several thousand people were polled by telephone and asked to recall the programs to which they had been listening. Famous People. afford more talented writers and performers, and develop more compelling stories and programs. As radio blossomed during the 1930s, network censorship did too. Among the many running jokes on his show were his stinginess, his "feud" with Fred Allen, his ancient Maxwell automobile, and the vault in his basement where he kept his money. You is de one dat's got take de milk in to him. Compare coverage of news events in the three media. These American-born fascists included . The A&P Gypsies, an orchestra conducted by Harry Horlick, was sponsored by A&P grocery stores. The change of one vote would have thrown all the affairs of this great Nation back into hopeless chaos. CHARLIEMATTOS CHARLIE MATTOS. My Favorite Husband is the name of an American radio program and network television series. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. Marjorie Finlay was an American television personality and opera singer. Golden Age of American radio, period lasting roughly from 1930 through the 1940s, when the medium of commercial broadcast radio grew into the fabric of daily life in the United States, providing news and entertainment to a country struggling with economic depression and war. FM (or frequency modulation) radio did not experience a similar reduction in sound . NEIL: But you said it what quarter to twelve the last time I asked. Richard Diamond began in 1949, and took off as one of the most popular private eye shows on network radio, right up there with Yours Truly, Johnny Dollar and Phillip Marlowe, Private Eye. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1998. A host of stars turned out for the funeral of one of King Charles's favourite entertainers, Kit Hesketh-Harvey, who died 'unexpectedly' last month.. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. A refinement of this was created by another company, C.E. The future president Ronald Reagan, a sports announcer at WHO in Des Moines, Iowa during much of the Depression, called play-by-play for the Chicago Cubs. His special comedic style allowed the joke to be at his expense, instead of at the expense of others.

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