disadvantages of chlorine disinfection

Chlorine Disinfection: other concerns “Demands” on chlorine Instantaneous If the water contains iron (Fe+2) and manganese (Mn+2), insoluble oxides are formed on introduction of chlorine Intermediate Reaction of chlorine with ammonia to form chloramines. The main disinfection by-products of chlorine dioxide are chloride, chlorate and chlorite. The byproducts of chlorine disinfection are by far the most thoroughly studied. The technique works without the addition of chemical compounds to the water to be treated, but is nevertheless based on the biocidal action of various chemical substances. Chlorine dioxide is more effective towards inactivation of Giardia cysts than free chlorine, but less effective towards rotavirus and E. coli. Chapter 6 discusses some of the key issues for water system managers to consider when choosing between methods. Unlike chlorine, the disinfection efficiency of chlorine dioxide is independent of pH and the presence of ammonia. However, it is ineffective against some cysts, such as cryptosporidium, which are resistant to chlorine disinfection due in … No sludge is formed in its application, as may be formed when bleaching powder is used for disinfection. C Chlorine is more cost-effective than UV or ozone disinfection. Chlorine (in the form of a Hypochlorite ion) is a widely used disinfectant in the water industry and is highly effective against a wide range of bacteria and viruses. However are these levels really safe? c. Ozonation causes trihalomethane formation and is more expensive than chlorination. Electrochemical water disinfection is a rarely used but convenient and highly efficient way to produce germ-free water. What are the major disadvantages of using ozone instead of chlorine to disinfect water? a. Ozonation is more expensive than chlorination and ozone leaves an b. Ozonation causes trihalomethane formation and leaves an odor in the treated water. disadvantages of using chlorine for disinfection. Major Disadvantages of Using Chlorine/Chloramines as a Disinfectant The major disadvantage is the possibility of disinfection by-products. C The chlorine residual that remains in the wastewater effluent can prolong disinfection even after initial treatment and can be measured to evaluate the effectiveness. C Dosing rates are flexible and can be controlled easily. The EPA has set the safe levels of chlorine in drinking water to be 4 PPM (parts per million) and for chlorine dioxide as 800 PPB (parts per Billion). Chlorine forms a very explosive mixture when mixed with carbon monoxide gas. So, it didn’t come as any great surprise to see this form of disinfection. Disadvantages of chlorine as disinfectant are: The storage of chlorine and its use must need careful handling. When chlorine is added to water, it destroys the membrane of many microorganisms and kills them. Furthermore, each disinfection method has other distinct advantages and disadvantages. 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