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[18] These plans included preparation for armed resistance from the Uganda Army. In the week before the raid, Israel tried using political avenues to obtain the release of the hostages. All seven hijackers present, and between 33 and 45 Ugandan soldiers, were killed. They turned west, passing through the African Rift Valley and over Lake Victoria. How Israel planned 90-minute raid on Entebbe airport Saturday July 02 2016 At exactly 11pm on the night of July 3, 1976, the 100 Israeli’s flying over Lake Victoria landed at Entebbe. Idi Amin was deposed as Uganda's dictator in 1979, less than three years after the operation. The 102 rescued hostages were flown to Israel via Nairobi, Kenya, shortly after the raid. From there, they went to a point northeast of Nairobi, Kenya, likely across Somalia and the Ogaden area of Ethiopia. Three movies were subsequently made about the mission, and there have been numerous articles and books, notable among them Entebbe: The Jonathan Netanyahu Story in 2003 by Yoni’s brother, Iddo. Updates? After flying some 2,500 miles (4,000 km) from Israel to Uganda, the Israeli force rescued the hostages within an hour after landing. Many sources indicate that the Israeli cabinetwas prepared to release Palestinian prisoners if a military solution seemed unlikely to succeed. Omissions? Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – External Operations, Military Intelligence Directorate (Israel), "Tactical Combat Casualty Care – November 2010", "BBC on This Day – 4 – 1976: Israelis rescue Entebbe hostages", "Hostages Freed as Israelis Raid Uganda Airport; Commandos in 3 Planes Rescue 105-Casualties Unknown Israelis Raid Uganda Airport And Free Hijackers' Hostages", "Setting the record straight: Entebbe was not Auschwitz", "Hijacking of Air France Airbus by Followers of Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – Israeli Action to liberate Hostages held at Entebbe Airport ...", "Idi Amin's Son: My Dream Is to Apologize Personally to Family of Entebbe Victims", "Entebbe; Thirty Years On; miracle on the runway", "Mossad took photos, Entebbe Operation was on its way", Volume 22, August, 1976 Uganda, Kenya, Page 27891, "Entebbe Thirty Years On: Mancunian On Board", "Detailed Story Of Dramatic Israeli Raid", "La aventura del secuestro de Entebbe, contada por una protagonista", "Ada Lazarovitz (46), que hace 30 años fuera una de las rehenes en el avión de Air France secuestrado por terroristas en Entebbe, recuerda su liberación", "The Illustrated Story of the Great Israeli Rescue", "Conversation between Henry Kissinger and Israeli Ambassador Simch Dinitz, 30 June 1976", "Israel's raid on Entebbe was almost a disaster", "Hostages Freed as Israelis Raid Uganda Airport", "Herman Eilts (US Ambassador to Egypt) to Secretary of State, 6 July 1976", "Herman Eilts (US Ambassador to Egypt) to Secretary of State, 9 July 1976", "A history of cooperation between Israel and Kenya", "Idi Amin's son: 'My dream is to meet with Entebbe victims' families to apologize, "Rise of Maliyamungu from gatekeeper to Amin's right-hand man", "Wars and Operations: Operation Thunderball ("Entebbe")", "Israel marks 30th anniversary of Entebbe", "Entebbe pilot Michel Bacos 'saw hostage murdered, "History: When Kazini tried to arrest Kashillingi", 40 years after Entebbe, Israeli hostages reflect back on a saga of survival, "Revealed: the fate of Idi Amin's hijack victim", "1976: British grandmother missing in Uganda", "Body of Amin Victim Is Flown Back to Israel", "Entebbe raid humiliated Amin, nearly caused East African war", "Ugandan agents killed former Cabinet minister, says dossier", "Mossad, McKenzie, Idi Amin: The strange mix,", "Mystery behind Bruce McKenzie’s death lingers on,", "Conversation between Kissinger and Dinitz, 5 July 1976", "Michel Bacos: the Air France hero of Entebbe", "Nairobi assault: Kenyan terrorist attacks since 1980", "War on terror or war on human rights? Ugandan soldiers shot at them in the process. Operation Entebbe or Operation Thunderbolt was a successful counter-terrorist hostage-rescue mission carried out by commandos of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) at Entebbe Airport in Uganda on 4 July 1976. Operation Thunderbolt: Flight 139 and the Raid on Entebbe Airport, the Most Audacious Hostage Rescue Mission in History - Kindle edition by David, Saul. [76] After the raid she was murdered by officers of the Uganda Army, as were some of her doctors and nurses, apparently for trying to intervene. [77] Amin also ordered the killing of hundreds of Kenyans living in Uganda in retaliation for Kenya's assistance to Israel in the raid. The epic saga began on June 27, 1976. Entebbe airport Uganda Departures has live data from local and internationalflying in and out of the Entebbe international airport Download it once and read it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. A routine commercial flight on … [47] As they pulled away, an Israeli commando in one of the following Land Rovers killed them with an unsuppressed rifle. [97][98][99][100], The Norfolk hotel in Nairobi, owned by a prominent member of the local Jewish community, was bombed on 31 December 1980. [113] Forty years to the day after the rescue operation, Israeli Prime-Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, and brother of the slain Israeli Sayeret Matkal commando, Yoni Netanyahu, visited Entebbe with an Israeli delegation, and laid the groundwork for further Israeli–sub-Saharan African bilateral relations. Now confidential cabinet papers released under the Freedom of Information Act show that the British High Commission in Kampala received a report from a Ugandan civilian that Mrs Bloch had been shot and her body dumped in the boot of a car which had Ugandan intelligence services number plates. The, …Israel’s rescue mission at the Entebbe airport in Uganda in 1976. It took place in July 1976 in Entebbe, Uganda. The flags of Uganda and Israel waved side by side, demonstrating the two countries' strong bilateral relations, next to a plaque bearing a history of the raid. Entebbe Airport. Representatives of the United Kingdom and United States offered significant praise, calling the Entebbe raid "an impossible operation". Uganda and Israel renewed their commitment to "fight terrorism and to work towards humanity". [44][45] The Israeli government also approached the United States government to deliver a message to Egyptian president Anwar Sadat, asking him to request that Amin release the hostages. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/event/Entebbe-raid, Jewish Virtual Library - The Entebbe Rescue Mission, Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine. The epic saga began on June 27, 1976. Forty-seven of them were flown by a chartered Air France Boeing 747 out of Entebbe, Uganda to Paris, France and one passenger was treated in hospital for a day. [51], As the crisis unfolded, attempts were made to negotiate the release of the hostages. [54], When Israeli authorities failed to negotiate a political solution, they decided that their only option was an attack to rescue the hostages. [20] All the hijackers and forty-five Ugandan soldiers were killed, and eleven[5][6] Soviet-built MiG-17s and MiG-21s of Uganda's air force were destroyed. On this day in 1976, the Israeli government launched the Entebbe raid. The Jewish passengers were separated and held hostage in demand to release many terrorists held in Israeli prisons. The Israeli Hercules transports touched down in the dark at Entebbe at 23:00 IST, with their cargo bay doors already open. [47], At the 1 July deadline,[48] the Israeli cabinet offered to negotiate with the hijackers to extend the deadline to 4 July. [22][81][82], On May 24, 1978, MacKenzie was killed when a bomb attached to his aircraft exploded as MacKenzie departed a meeting with Amin. A routine commercial flight on … The Entebbe Raid was part of the ongoing Arab-Israeli conflict, which occurred on July 4, 1976, when the Israeli Sayeret Matkal commandos landed at Entebbe in Uganda. The Entebbe Airport Raid In June 1976, Amin made one of his most infamous decisions by aiding Palestinian and leftists militants who hijacked an Air France flight from Tel Aviv to Paris. [75], Dora Bloch, a 74-year-old Israeli who also held British citizenship, was taken to Mulago Hospital in Kampala after choking on a chicken bone. Goretti's Beachside Pizzaria and Grill (320) 10 min $$ - $$$ Italian. Thai Garden (262) 10 min $$ - $$$ Asian. referring to the hijackers. [59] An ex-agent of Uganda's intelligence service, the State Research Bureau, also claimed that Amin was informed by Lumago of the imminent raid. The airport was the site of an Israeli airborne commando raid on the night of July 3/4, 1976, that freed 103 hostages from a jet hijacked by Palestinian and West German militants. Among the 106 hostages staying behind with their captors at Entebbe airport were the 12 members of the Air France crew who refused to leave,[42] about ten young French passengers, and the Israeli group of some 84 people. The Israeli government secured permission from Kenya for the IDF task force to cross Kenyan airspace and refuel at what is today Jomo Kenyatta International Airport. 6 Other Attractions within 0.75 miles. Jean-Jacques Maimoni, a 19-year-old French immigrant to Israel, stood up and was killed when Israeli company commander Muki Betzer and another soldier mistook him for a hijacker and fired at him. The released were picked from among the non-Israeli group – mainly elderly and sick passengers and mothers with children. [70] In addition, a third hostage, 56-year-old Ida Borochovitch, a Russian Jew who had emigrated to Israel, was killed by a hijacker in the crossfire. On the return trip, the Israeli planes met an awaiting hospital plane and refueled at Nairobi, Kenya. [20], Amin was furious upon learning of the raid, and reportedly boasted that he could have taught the Israelis a lesson if he had known that they would strike. Today marks 44 years since Israeli commandos raided Entebbe airport and rescued 102 hostages. [88] The Council allowed Israel's ambassador to the United Nations, Chaim Herzog, and Uganda's foreign minister, Juma Oris Abdalla, to participate without voting rights. In December the same year, the aircraft was converted into a freighter and was delivered to S-C Aviation, having been re-registered as N742SC. The operation, which took a week of planning, lasted 90 minutes. In “Operation Thunderbolt: Flight 139 and the Raid on Entebbe Airport, the Most Audacious Hostage Rescue Mission in History,” David performs his own kind of rescue: drawing on declassified government documents, diaries and interviews with former hostages … The flags of Uganda and Israel waved side by side, demonstrating the two country's strong bilateral relations, next to a plaque wit… They dispatched a plane with 100 commandos to recuse the hostages. Amin came to visit the hostages almost on a daily basis, updating them on developments and promising to use his efforts to have them freed through negotiations. The hijackers diverted the flight to Benghazi, Libya. A retired IDF officer, Baruch "Burka" Bar-Lev, had known Idi Amin for many years and was considered to have a strong personal relationship with him. The Entebbe raid was a bold military operation that cast Israel into the international spotlight and signaled a high point in Israeli history, as it earned admiration on a global scale. Because the proper layout of the airport was not known, the first plane almost taxied into a ditch. In August 2012, Uganda and Israel commemorated the raid at a somber ceremony at the base of a tower at the Old Entebbe Airport, where Yonatan Netanyahu was killed. The Israelis then destroyed Ugandan MiG fighter planes to prevent them from pursuing, and conducted a sweep of the airfield to gather intelligence. Her remains were recovered near a sugar plantation 20 miles (32 km) east of Kampala in 1979,[80] after the Uganda–Tanzania War ended Amin's rule. [37] In addition, five non-Israeli hostages – two ultra-orthodox Jewish couples[23] from the US and Belgium[8] and a French resident of Israel – were forced to join the Israeli group. [88] The US and UK sponsored a resolution which condemned hijacking and similar acts, deplored the loss of life arising from the hijacking (without condemning either Israel or Uganda), reaffirmed the need to respect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all States, and called on the international community to enhance the safety of civil aviation. At Entebbe, the hijackers freed those of the 258 passengers who did not appear to be Israeli or Jewish and held the rest hostage for the release of 53 militants imprisoned in Israel, Kenya, West Germany, and elsewhere. This meant he could take a diplomatic trip to Port Louis, Mauritius, to officially hand over chairmanship of the Organisation of African Unity to Seewoosagur Ramgoolam. Five Israeli commandos were wounded and one, unit commander Lt. Col. Yonatan Netanyahu, was killed. The hijackers were demanding the release of Palestinian and affiliate militants that were imprisoned in Israel. [18][27] The plane left Benghazi and at 3:15 pm on the 28th, more than 24 hours after the flight's original departure, it arrived at Entebbe Airport in Uganda. [28] The hijackers transferred the passengers to the transit hall of the disused former airport terminal where they kept them under guard for the following days. Benin, Libyan Arab Republic and United Republic of Tanzania: draft resolution. The Israelis hoped they could use them to bypass security checkpoints. Uganda and Israel renewed their commitment in the fight against terrorism and to work towards humanity. [23], On 28 June, a PFLP-EO hijacker issued a declaration and formulated their demands: In addition to a ransom of US$5 million for the release of the airplane, they demanded the release of 53 Palestinian and pro-Palestinian militants, 40 of whom were prisoners in Israel. United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and United States of America: draft resolution. They planned to kill the hijackers and after freeing the hostages, they would ask Amin for passage home. [101][102][103], In the ensuing years, Betser and the Netanyahu brothers – Iddo and Benjamin, all Sayeret Matkal veterans – argued in increasingly public forums about who was to blame for the unexpected early firefight that caused Yonatan's death and partial loss of tactical surprise. The raid went down in military lore and legend, and Operation Thunderbolt was renamed Operation Jonathan in honor of the fallen commander. Battle Summary and Timeline On June 27, Air France Flight 139 departed Tel Aviv for Paris with a stop in Athens. [citation needed], Muki Betser said in a later interview that Mossad operatives extensively interviewed the hostages who had been released. At the request of the cabinet, he spoke with Amin on the phone many times, trying to gain the release of the hostages, without succes… Corrections? Kenyan Minister of Agriculture Bruce MacKenzie persuaded Kenyan President Kenyatta to permit Mossad to collect intelligence prior to the operation, and to allow the Israeli Air Force access to the Nairobi airport. [58], Uganda's Ambassador to Lesotho, Isaac Lumago,[59] overheard some of the details of the operation from Kenya Air Force officers who were discussing the possibility of Israeli compensation for the assistance, and forwarded the information to Ugandan commander Isaac Maliyamungu. Böse protested "I'm no Nazi! Perhaps his most…. [12][13][14] Over the following two days, 148 non-Israeli hostages were released and flown out to Paris. The Israelis abandoned this plan because they lacked the necessary time and also because they had received word that Lake Victoria was inhabited by the Nile crocodile. At first he pointed his Kalashnikov rifle at hostages, but "immediately came to his senses" and ordered them to find shelter in the restroom, before being killed by the commandos. The Ugandan government supported the hijackers, and dictator Idi Amin, who had been informed of the hijacking from the beginning,[10] personally welcomed them. [62], The Mossad built an accurate picture of the whereabouts of the hostages, the number of hijackers, and the involvement of Ugandan troops from the released hostages in Paris. Uganda killed 245 Kenyans, including airport staff at Entebbe. [citation needed], The raid could not proceed without assistance from at least one East African government. The Greatest Hostage Rescue in History: Documentary on The Entebbe Raid. An Air France airplane was hijacked on 27 June 1976. Israeli commandos have rescued 100 hostages, mostly Israelis or Jews, held by pro-Palestinian hijackers at Entebbe airport in Uganda. [7], A week earlier, on 27 June, an Air France Airbus A300 jet airliner with 248 passengers had been hijacked by two members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – External Operations (PFLP-EO) under orders of Wadie Haddad (who had earlier broken away from the PFLP of George Habash),[8] and two members of the German Revolutionary Cells. Document S/12138, 12 July 1976. Netanyahu was the older brother of Benjamin Netanyahu, who would later become Prime Minister of Israel. Security Council. Bullet holes are still visible from the 1976 raid. [41] On 1 July, after the Israeli government had conveyed its agreement to negotiations, the hostage-takers extended their deadline to noon on 4 July and released another group of 100 non-Israeli captives who again were flown to Paris a few hours later. The success of the Entebbe raid substantially boosted Israeli morale. Then, they entered the room and shot dead the three remaining hijackers, ending the assault. [25], After the raid, the Israeli assault team returned to their aircraft and began loading the hostages. According to Hartuv, Böse fired only at Israeli soldiers and not at hostages. In July 1976, an Air France flight from Tel-Aviv to Paris via Athens was hijacked and forced to land in Entebbe, Uganda. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. [4][28] Out of the 106 hostages, three were killed, one was left in Uganda (74-year-old Dora Bloch), and approximately 10 were wounded. …were being kept hostage at Entebbe airport near Kampala. In addition, wreaths were laid, a moment of silence was held, speeches were given, and a poem was recited. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. In response, Israel on July 3 dispatched four Hercules C-130H cargo planes carrying 100–200 soldiers and escorted by Phantom jet fighters. Netanyahu and Israeli commandos from the Sayeret Matkal, known to the soldiers in it as only the “Unit,” stormed the Ugandan airport at Entebbe. We are Israeli soldiers," in both Hebrew and English. MIGS destroyed during the Entebbe airport raid by Israel commandos in 1976 Today marks 44 years since Israeli commandos raided Entebbe airport and rescued 102 hostages. [74] The entire operation lasted 53 minutes – of which the assault lasted only 30 minutes. [57] The Jewish owner of the Block hotels chain in Kenya, along with other members of the Jewish and Israeli community in Nairobi, may also have used their political and economic influence to help persuade Kenya's President Jomo Kenyatta to help Israel. On June 27, 1976, a jet carrying an international mix of … According to declassified diplomatic documents, the Egyptian government under Sadat tried to negotiate with both the PLO and the Ugandan government. An Air France airplane was hijacked on 27 June 1976. Email. Security Council, Official Records, 1939th meeting, 9 July 1976, S/PV.1939. The commander of the operation, General Yekutiel Adam, was on board the second Boeing, which orbited over Entebbe Airport during the raid. [25][nb 1] It departed for Paris at 12:30 pm. Israeli transport planes carried 100 commandos over 4,000 kilometres (2,500 mi) to Uganda for the rescue operation. Raid on Entebbe constitutes one of two all-star made-for-TV reenactments of the Entebbe rescue of July 4, 1976. According to one of Idi Amin's sons, the soldier who shot Netanyahu, a cousin of the Amin family, was killed in the return fire. [29] They threatened that if these demands were not met, they would begin to kill hostages on 1 July 1976. Of the 106 remaining hostages, 102 were rescued and three were killed. [citation needed], The Israeli ground task force numbered approximately 100 personnel, and comprised the following elements:[51], Taking off from Sharm el-Sheikh,[66] the task force flew along the international flight path over the Red Sea, mostly flying at a height of no more than 30 m (100 ft) to avoid radar detection by Egyptian, Sudanese, and Saudi Arabian forces. The bomb flattened the hotel, killing 20 people, of several nationalities, and wounding 87 more. [63] Additionally, Israeli firms were involved in building projects in Africa during the 1960s and 1970s and while preparing the raid the Israeli army consulted with Solel Boneh, a large Israeli construction company that had built the terminal where the hostages were held. Entebbe Airport Raid, 1976 Please provide your name, email, and your suggestion so that we can begin assessing any terminology changes. [90][91], Western nations spoke in support of the raid. [11] After moving all hostages from the aircraft to a disused airport building, the hijackers separated all Israelis and several non-Israeli Jews from the larger group and forced them into a separate room. The population is African, with small minorities of Europeans. There, … It took place in July 1976 in Entebbe, Uganda. Once they were gathered in a room at Makindye Barracks, he shot 12 of them with his pistol. All seven of the militants were killed, and 11 MiG fighters supplied to Uganda by the Soviet Union were destroyed; the Israelis lost one soldier and three hostages during the operation. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [32] As they did so, a Holocaust survivor showed hijacker Wilfried Böse a camp registration number tattooed on his arm. The other hostage was in a hospital and was later killed. [19] Fearing the hijackers would be alerted prematurely, the assault team quickly approached the terminal. [71], According to hostage Ilan Hartuv, Wilfried Böse was the only hijacker who, after the operation began, entered the hall housing the hostages. Netanyahu and Israeli commandos from the Sayeret Matkal, known to the soldiers in it as only the “Unit,” stormed the Ugandan airport at Entebbe. The commander of the operation, General Yekutiel Adam, was on board the second Boeing, which circled over Entebbe Airport during the raid. The Palestinian terrorists wanted the release of prisoners held in Israel and four other countries. [72] The hostages pointed to a connecting door of the airport's main hall, into which the commandos threw several hand grenades. Mar 15, 2014 - Explore Aviva Thaler's board "Entebbe Rescue-1976", followed by 379 people on Pinterest. Document S/12139, 12 July 1976. During this brief but intense firefight, Ugandan soldiers fired from the airport control tower. After stopping at Athens, the airliner was hijacked on June 27 by members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine and the Red Army Faction (a West German radical leftist group) and flown to Entebbe, Uganda, where they were joined by additional accomplices. This prompted the Israeli government to launch the hostage rescue operation. There was some evidence that the Ugandan authorities had lent some assistance to the hijackers. [4] Kenyan sources supported Israel, and in the aftermath of the operation, Idi Amin issued orders to retaliate and slaughter several hundred Kenyans then present in Uganda. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading Operation Thunderbolt: Flight 139 and the Raid on Entebbe Airport, the Most Audacious … [49] This extension of the hostage deadline proved crucial to providing Israeli forces enough time to get to Entebbe. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Maj. Dan Shomron, commander of the Israeli raid at Entebbe, Uganda, describing the operation at a press conference. The commandos would have ridden rubber boats to the airport on the edge of the lake. A brief look at Israel's rescue of hostages from Uganda, includes digital re-enactment. [8], At one point, an Israeli commando called out in Hebrew, "Where are the rest of them?" [55], Amnon Biran, the mission's intelligence officer, later stated that the proper layout of the airport was unknown, as was the exact location of the hostages and whether the building had been prepared with explosives. [19][68] As they approached the terminal, two Ugandan sentries, aware that Idi Amin had recently purchased a white Mercedes, ordered the vehicles to stop. 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