are polish and ukrainian mutually intelligible

Donations are the only thing that keep the site operating. Sledva da se otbelei, e tova delene e uslovno i imenata ne otrazjavat razlini ezici, a samo periodi v razvitieto na balgarskija ezik, za koito se otkrivat charakterni belezi. A prima example of this is Russian where the 5% intelligibility could be pretty accurate in the case of a regular communication, because Russians have a very strong intonation, and they simply dont pronounce vowels properly. Yet some say that the subtitles are simply put on as a political move due to Ukraines puristic language policy. Are Russian and Polish mutually intelligible? So, i've been interested about how much Polish speakers can understand Ukrainian without learning the language, but, most results i found said it's not really mutually intelligible, despite sharing alot or some words. But the language isnt problem. Northern Germanic languages spoken in Scandinavia form a dialect continuum where two furthermost dialects have almost no mutual intelligibility. Around year 550 Slovenians went west and Macedonians/Bulgars went south. It should be noted that this division is conditional (actually: arbitrary) (and) names do not reflect the different languages, but only periods in the development of the Bulgarian language, which (have) detectable traits. Slovenians, Macedonians and Bulgars used to be one nation called Sklaveni and they were living in the south Hungary. Croatian language doesnt exists. Czech and Polish are incomprehensible to Serbo-Croatian speakers (Czech 10%, Polish 5%), but Serbo-Croatian has some limited comprehension of Slovak, on the order of 25%. Regarding Polish and Russian there are many words with opposite meaning. Much like Nordic languages. If you take your 25 (supposedly from Novi Sad) and 90 from Nis, then we come to about 60 percent (from Serbian side). Ni Torlak vowel reflexes are otherwise in line with standard Serbian and Northwestern Macedonian, deriving nuclear /u e i e u r/ from / y * *l *r/; some Torlak dialects towards Kosovo or Bulgaria instead have [l ~ l] for /l/ (giving [v()l(:)k] where Serbian normally has [v:k]) but none in my vicinity. A Slovenian person that has never lived in the east of the country understands only about 60 70 % of the dialect (Prekmurski dialect). Polish and Russian while Slavic sounding to my ear and is maybe 5%-15% intelligible . Slovak is closely related to Czech, to the point of mutual intelligibility to a very high degree, as well as Polish.Like other Slavic languages, Slovak is a fusional language with a complex system of morphology and relatively flexible word order. . Slow, deliberate speech is not typical. Some simple words as Zboruva talk were not understood by a Bulgarian and I was obliged to use the word govori so that I adapted my Macedonian to get understood, although we seldom say govori. In the evening of the first day it reaches 93%, in a week 95%, all unsupervised, almost effortlessly, just by being there, watching, listening, talking and asking for an explanation here and there. Instead Eastern Lach and Western Lach have difficult intelligibility and are separate languages, so Lach itself is a macrolanguage. Balgarski is balgarskijat, grupa is grupata, oficialni is oficijalnijat etc. The revelation comes from General Musharrafs memoir, In the Line of Fire, which begins serialisation in The Times today and will further embarrass the White House at a time when relations between the US and Pakistan are already strained.. Pakistani intelligence chiefs are concerned that General Musharraf may jeopardise their relationship with British intelligence agencies after claiming that a convicted terrorist was once an MI6 informer. She stated that Czech and Slovak are mutually intelligible and that the main differences between the two languages is that Slovak has somewhat of a Hungarian inflluence, and Czech has more of a German and Latin component. Slovenian language might be closer to the Macedonian/Bulgarian than to the Serbian language. Bulgarian is similar to Macedonian but with more different cyrillic. I think that this article is full of dubious numbers, but this is not necessarily the authors fault. Older people who rembember federation understand everything. https://www.academia.edu/4080349/Mutual_Intelligibility_of_Languages_in_the_Slavic_Family I admit that my prehistoric learning of Russian (1985-1990) made it easier for me to guess the meaning of words izpolzovana a saestvuvat (which have the same meaning in Russian), but I think that I could guess it even from the context. 5 (2): 135146. Sets of similar languages are the result of shared origin, so knowing a little more about mutual intelligibility can help you understand their origin. It is not true that Shtokavian which I speak is not mutually intelligible with Torlakian of southern Serbia. I speak both Southern akavian and neotokavian. Not everyone within each of the three broad dialect areas speaks Yiddish in the same way -- there are sub-dialects, but they are mutually intelligible. FluentU is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. http://www.network54.com/Forum/84302/thread/1289113786/last-1289113786/British+intelligence+links+to+African+Emabssy+bombings. a person with Virgin ears from any where in the Czech republic and west and central Slovakia will understand each other fairly well. Eastern Slovak may have 72% intelligibility of Ukrainian. The problem is that native speakers can understand other speakers of their own language. I dont know about Macedonian (havent ever heard or read it) but it seems to be like in the middle between Serbian and Bulgarian (just like frisian is in the middle of dutch and english). Yet we speak of Kai/Cha as of Serbo-Croatian dialects, while Slovenian is totally foreign. What languages are mutually intelligible with Russian? The only big one i disagree with your breakdown is serbian/croatian vs bulgarian. All foreign movies in both the Czech Republic and Slovakia are translated into Czech, not Slovak. They are essentially the same language and even somebody with virgin ears can understand anybody almost perfectly, as long as he has half a brain. She doesn't speak any Polish so it's going to be an interesting challenge. It features phonemic vowel length that came about as a coalescence of a vowel with a following /v/ (usually one /v x j/ in Serbian, the distribution is opaque and unpredictable) or the contraction of the sequence /ij/ into /i:/ this feature is shared with plenty of Macedonian dialects, as far as I remember but has traditional, harder Serbian alveopalatals and palatals, having [t d t d] for Macedonian [t d c() ()] (treating these as allophones as they seem to be the same four phonemes). The Rusyn language is composed of 50% Slovak roots and 50% Ukrainian roots, so some difficult intelligibility with Ukrainian might be expected. . "The Linguistic Innovation Emerging From Rohingya Refugees." However, a Croatian linguist has helped me write part of the Croatian section, and he felt that at least that part of the paper was accurate. Civis Illustris. Russian 20 % spoken, 30 % written Mutual intelligibility also occurs in a wide variety of degrees, ranging from none, to partial, to full mutual intelligibility. Clearly it WAS the Illuminati at workI guess the planes were flown by shapeshifting lizards, toooh, come to think of it, isnt George Bush Junior a lizard, too! Is the virgin Intelligibility important? Molise Croatian is not intelligible with Standard Croatian. A lect called iarija Slovenian is spoken on the Istrian Peninsula in Slovenia just north of Croatia. That word have special meaning and I think that Serbian needs that word, but if I tell that word seriously while I speak, everybody will laugh at me. What about USAs dialects. OMG! Belarussian is nonetheless a separate language from both Ukrainian and Russian. Ukranian: 20% Ukrainian language, formerly called Ruthenian or Little Russian (now considered pejorative), Ukrainian Ukrans'ka mova, East Slavic language spoken in Ukraine and in Ukrainian communities in Kazakhstan, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Lithuania, and Slovakia and by smaller numbers elsewhere. Kajkavian, especially the ZagorjeKajkaviandialect around Zagreb, is close to theStajerskadialect of Slovene. Vedle hlavn, pouvan v Bulharsku, existuje jet makedonsk norma, kter tak (?) But reading a Bulgarian text is surprisingly easy, because the phonology and vocabulary are very similar. From the 1500s to 1900, a large corpus of Kajkavian literature was written. Also I have a long article coming up as a chapter in a peer reviewed book being published out of Turkey. It is estimated that there is 89% lexical similarity with French, 87% similarity with Catalan (spoken in Southern Spain), 85% with Sardinian, 82% with Spanish, 78% with Ladin (spoken in Northern Italy) and 77% with Romanian. His level of understanding might be 90%, or 82%, 85%. Ive been following this page and kept coming to it for the past months, actually more than a year (and have noticed some updates). Many people know cases well but simply dont want to speak them correctly in conversation with someone who doesnt speak them correctly because that makes them feel like they want to judge other people who doesnt use cases correctly or that makes them more educated, even more smart, than someone who doesnt use it, and that makes both sides uncomfortable. Later I found out that Slovenian and Bulgarian/Macedonian are all south Slavic languages while Serbian language is actually a western Slavic language like Slovak/Czech/Polish. Croats say Macedonian is a complete mystery to them. http://www.network54.com/Forum/84302/thread/1284248981/last-1288620675/The+real+9-11+cover+up-+Political+hijacking++was+originally+aimed+at+Russia, http://www.network54.com/Forum/84302/thread/1289113786/last-1289113786/British+intelligence+links+to+African+Emabssy+bombings, http://www.btinternet.com/~nlpwessex/Documents/sheikhmedia.htm, http://www.fbi.gov/wanted/wanted_terrorists/usama-bin-laden/view, http://ifaq.wap.org/society/voweldeployment.html, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=58Aog4AJdQM, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U1n9KMawa-8, https://www.academia.edu/4080349/Mutual_Intelligibility_of_Languages_in_the_Slavic_Family, http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11185-015-9150-9, https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA, Alt Left: Ukrainian Nazis Execute Two of Their Own Men for Refusing to Fight, The Conquest of Germany and Japan Never Ended, Protected: Post to Discuss All of the Various POIs and Theories in the Delphi Murders from the Crime to the Present, Protected to Avoid Libel and Character Assassination Part 10, NATO Helped the Ukrainians Fire All Those Drones at Russia, Including all the Way to Moscow, The Conquest and Destruction of Russia Project Goes Way Back to Post World War 2, The Jewish Conspiracy To Subject Humankind. I speak Slovenian and Croats think that I can speak Kaikavian. Czech and Slovak are more intelligible to me then Slovenian with Slovak more so then Czech. It is difficult to get a high-paying job that requires skill and . I can only speak from my personal experience (business trips to Czech Republic - Ostrava, Praha, Mlad Boleslav, Mikulov ). Pannonian Rusyn is spoken by a group of Rusyns who migrated to northwestern Serbia (the Bachka region in Vojvodina province) and Eastern Croatia from Eastern Slovakia and Western Ukraine 250 years ago. So, when you're learning the Polish alphabet, all you have to pay attention to are the special accents and the pronunciation. From his own words it is possible to conclude that mutual inteligibility between czech and slovak is very high, and Ive heard from young czechs that they still can understand slovak with no effort. What sort of Slav nation are you a part of my friend? Communication about such things is significantly impaired at this level. It is quite true that Macedonian speakers (even today) are switching to Serbian (although there is a resistence among some speakers of Macdonian) on informal situations. I can illustrate it on the video posted above Vojnata vo Bosna. In the army, fairly precise understanding of the meaning of the commands is required and it worked, without any formal language training. Mutual Intelligibility of Languages in the Slavic Family. On the one hand, Belarussian has some dialects that are intelligible with some dialects of both Russian and Ukrainian. The literary language itself is no longer written, but works written in it are still used in public for instance in dramas and church masses (Jembrigh 2014). Czech and Slovak are simply dialects of this one tongue. [2] As a consequence, spoken mutual intelligibility is not reciprocal. Scientific intelligibility studies of Czech and Slovak have shown ~82% quite high but still low enough for them to be closely related separate languages and not dialects of one language. But thats politics for you. The translation is not very problematic. Usama Bin Laden is wanted in connection with the August 7, 1998, bombings of the United States Embassies in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and Nairobi, Kenya. The Russian language doesn't have a sound for " ." Ukrainian is a mostly phonetic language. Thank you very much for this. ", "Moldovan (limba moldoveneasc / )", "Experimental methods for measuring intelligibility of closely related language varieties", "Mutual intelligibility between closely related languages in Europe", Harold Schiffman, "Linguists' Definition: mutual intelligibility", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mutual_intelligibility&oldid=1137818628, Articles with incomplete citations from May 2015, Pages with login required references or sources, Articles needing additional references from July 2022, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from March 2015, Articles with self-published sources from April 2020, Articles with dead external links from December 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Kajkavian has higher mutual intelligibility with Slovene than with the national varieties of Shtokavian. Conclusion: . It shows that Macedonians indeed grew up to certain extent as bilingual Macedonian-Serbian. wovel a shifts to o not shits hahhaha sorry. For instance, akavian Croatian is not intelligible with Standard Croatian. > Much of the claimed intelligibility was simply bilingual learning. Im Czech . What language is closest to Polish? Both me and her had a much easier time following the Rusyn dialects than standard Ukrainian (although they were by no means completely comprehensible). Three different methods were used: a word translation task, a cloze test and a picture task. Czechs hardly ever study at Slovak universities. You can pick up the gist of thats being said in any sentence. Even the most common, most simple words sound alien in spoken Bulgarian, VODA(WATER) is pronounced ,VODA . Slovene has some commonalities with the West Slavic languages. Even the basic words are almost the same. But despite similarities in grammar and vocabulary and almost identical alphabets, they differ sharply in many ways and are not mutually intelligible. The more the better. Thank you. This debate occurred only in Croatian linguistic circles, and the public knows nothing about it (Jembrigh 2014). Scots and English are considered mutually intelligible. This gives rise to claims of Macedonians being able to understand Serbo-Croatian very well, however, much of this may be due to bilingual learning. All South Slavic languages in effect form a large dialect continuum of gradually mutually intelligible varieties depending on distance between the areas where they are spoken. Also how much of Rusyn do Russians understand on a % basis? Polish is the most incomprehensible Slavic language for other Slavs, both spoken and written. Russian is partially mutually intelligible with Ukrainian, Rusyn and Belarusian. Czechs claim only 10-15% intelligibility of Polish. Slobozhan Russian is very close to Ukrainian, closer to Ukrainian than it is to Russian, and Slobozhan Ukrainian is very close to Russian, closer to Russian than to Ukrainian. I have friends from Bulgaria and I can tell you that they have problems by understanding some things. I would like to know if anyone could confirm that you could indeed . I also run a YouTube channel where I try to put the differences within the Croatias borders online since many whove seen them were surprised (or shocked). Asymmetric intelligibility refers to two languages that are considered partially mutually intelligible, but where one group of speakers has more difficulty understanding the other language than the other way around. I must admit that knowing English, German and French also helped me since Polish readily uses borrowings from these languages where Russian prefers Slavic words. I also understand more of other Slavic languages then neotokavian speakers do. Robert does look at these stories. Lets say a young Czech goes to Slovakia without prior exposure to Slovak. Mi priamo Hrvatski jezik in neotokavian. Needless to say, Polish is very familiar too, except its phonology, getting the gist of which is just a matter of some time. How do they arrive at these estimates? As a native Russian speaker, I noticed that my understanding of Polish went from 20% to 70% in a matter of hours when watching a film in Polish with subtitles. I myself who have learned some Macedonian, pick up much more words from spoken Serbo-Croatian than spoken Bulgarian. Crazy! However, there are dialects in between Ukrainian and Russian such as the Eastern Polissian and Slobozhan dialects of Ukrainian that are intelligible with both languages. "A New Methodology for Romance Classification". You cant honestly believe that 19 hijackers from Saudi Arabia armed only with boxcutters where able to attack US biggest most powerful landmarks given all the hard factual evidence not including things like thermite or if a missile hit the Pentagon or other junk like that. The Polish alphabet includes certain additional letters formed using diacritics: the kreska in the letters , , , , and through the letter in ; the kropka in the letter , and the ogonek ("little . Chakavian has a low mutual intelligibility with either, in part due to its large number of loanwords from Venetian. Hello can I use your comments in a paper I am writing? Intelligibility among languages can vary between individuals or groups within a language population according to their knowledge of various registers and vocabulary in their own language, their exposure to additional related languages, their interest in or familiarity with other cultures, the domain of discussion, psycho-cognitive traits, the mode of language used (written vs. oral), and other factors. Pannonian Rusyn is actually a part of Slovak, and Rusyn proper is really a part of Ukrainian. I have read a book from Fraenkel/Kramer I believe or something similar, which said (according to some empiry) that Macedonians were easily switching to Serbian in comparison to Slovenes who stuck to their language in the time of Yugoslavia. Thus, this exposure gives them an edge when trying to understand Czech. If the Torlaks can understand those languages it is because they have been hearing them! Thanks for clearing this up! I also have no problems understanding standard Croatian or the Kajkavian and Cakavian Croatian dialects and Bosnian and Montenegrin to me are the same language and completely understandable. A different dialect is spoken in each town. Belarussian almost completely comprehensible, except a few words. How close is Ukrainian language to Polish? The syntax is though very very similar! 12 Dec 2016 #221. Russians, they usually need some adaptation time (and of course they need to be willing to try -- which is not always the case, since many Russians are monolingual and . Russian is also 85% mutually intelligible with Belarusian and Ukrainian in . I have no problems understanding the Torlakian dialect. Northern (Istrian and Kvarner) akavian is closer to kajkavian and Slovene then Southern akavian is ( I understand 95%+ n). In the case of transparently cognate languages officially recognized as distinct such as Spanish and Italian, mutual intelligibility is in principle and in practice not binary (simply yes or no), but occurs in varying degrees, subject to numerous variables specific to individual speakers in the context of the communication. The reason there are subtitles on Russian-language shows in Ukraine is because of Ukraines puristic state language policies. Bulgarian is a pluricentric language it has several literary norms. The overall lexical similarity between Spanish and Portuguese is estimated to be 89%. I can give you an example of how I can read Bulgarian: In the case of Croatian and Slovene, the intelligibility is asymmetric, since Slovene participants could understand Croatian better than vice versa. Email me and give me your name please and I will use you in the paper. It is very strange when some words are not understood, although the communication is possible. pouv cyrilici, a bantsk norma, kter pouv latinku. Kajkavian is fairly uniform across its speech area, whereas Chakavian is more diverse (Jembrigh 2014). Around 80% comprehension, it gets hard to talk about complex or technical things. Silesian or Upper Silesian is also a separate language spoken in Poland, often thought to be halfway between Polish and Czech. Polish and Ukrainian mutual intelligibility question. possession is indicated most frequently using dative pronouns, unlike Serbians tendency to use possessive pronouns in greater frequency No there is not. Polish is spoken outside of Poland by Polish diaspora groups in countries like Ukraine, Belarus, Germany, Canada, and the United Kingdom. Click here to get a copy. For Kai-Cha it was less shocking as many words were taught by their parents (or they remembered them from childhood, before the school system forces you to use only the Std Cro). The languages really split about 1,000 years ago, but written Slovak was based on written Czech, and there was a lot of interlingual communication. So if you believe the fantastic conspiracy theory that 19 hijackers some have been discovered to be still alive were able to hijack 4 commercial planes for hours uninterrupted armed only with boxcutters and crash them into US largest and with the Pentagon most well guarded which has its own missile defence and radar system buildings on US? Thread starter Bamaro; Start date Feb 15, 2023 . Once you pick up those basic 50 words, understanding Macedonian becomes super easy that was my experience with Macedonian friends (the few of them who dont speak Serbian). There is a group of Bulgarians living in Serbia in the areas of Bosilegrad and Dimitrovgrad who speak a Bulgarian-Serbian transitional dialect, and Serbs are able to understand these Bulgarians well. Russian has high intelligibility of Belarussian, on the order of 75%. Czech: 10% Then she talks about the cards in the bags, I again understand everything, but at 0:47, another stream of unintelligible sounds is starting. Its mainly in the weird Bulgarian grammar! Score: 4.1/5 (68 votes) . There are numerous intelligibility tests out there that work very well, or you can just ask native speakers to give you a %, and most of the honest ones will tell you; in fact, they will often differentiate between oh that is our language, they speak the same language as us, for dialects and then no, that is not our language, that is different, and they do not speak our language for separate languages. However, the Torlak Serbians can understand Macedonian well, as this is a Serbo-Croatian dialect transitional to both languages. In fact, some say the intelligibility between the two is near zero. So I asked my Russian wife to listen to some of them (mostly local news on Youtube). But, as the goal of the OP was to debunk the myth that says every slavic speaker can understand each other, he is quite right on that. If you choose to learn a language which is at least to some extent mutually intelligible to a language you already know . My gues. Below is an incomplete list of fully and partially mutually intelligible languages, that are so similar that they are sometimes considered not to be separate, but merely varieties of the same language. But then the second older guy from Bosnia (Filipovi) appeared on the screen and wow! It was for me a bit strange, because Bulgarian science still supports the thesis that Macedonian is Bulgarian. Basically, you only hear a series of consonants with hardly recognizable vowels. Mutual intelligibility between languages can make learning them much easier. 6. The dialects of Ukrainian do not differ extensively from one another and are all mutually intelligible. Hence, many religious books were imported from Russia, and these books influenced Bulgarian. You cannot simply separate the articles from the words during a regular conversation. Robert Lindsay, Independent Journalist: l Talk about Things You're Not Supposed to Talk About. Then she asked me to go do something useful, so this is all I can contribute with. I can barely understand czech (slovak I havent tried) and, as similar as it is to croatian, I can only understand a little slovenian. From a grammatical and morphological perspective, Ukrainian is closer to Russian: they both have East Slavic roots. Tunisian Arabic is also considered mutually intelligible with Maltese, particularly with regards to idiomatic expressions. Do Ukrainians and Polish like each other? Not true about Czech / Slovak inteligibility. Czech has 94% intelligibility of Slovak, 12% of Polish, and 5% of Russian and Bulgarian. Czechs say Lach is a part of Czech, and Poles say Lach is a part of Polish. The grammar in both languages is similar, but, predictably, there are a few differences: While Ukrainian includes the past continuous tense, there are only three tenses in Russian (past, present and future). By the way, osnovnata (osnovna-ta) is related to the Czech word osnova (basis, outline). Serbs did not have the same language contact with the Macedonian language as Macedonians with Serbocroatian did. And o shifts to u. Maybe its a lack of vocabulary, but I havent heard that word from someone personally yet. Glad to hear you are steering clear of it. For me, Serbian and Macedonian are as different as Serbian and Slovene, they sounds somehow the same, but I dont understand them correctly. Nevertheless, Bulgarian-Russian intelligibility seems much exaggerated. Croatian-Shtokavian is only a dialect of Serbian language. For true MI testing, we want virgin ears, and it has to be both ways. Nevertheless, most Bulgarians over the age of 30-35 understand Russian well since studying Russian was mandatory under Communism. WORD. Finally, I think the Ukrainians' mentality if more Polish, while the Russian mentality is more fourteenth century Mongol. (j/k) KajkavianCroatian, spoken in northwest Croatia and similar to Slovenian, is not intelligible with Standard Croatian. However, Bulgarians claim to be able to understand Serbo-Croatian better than the other way around. Czech completely and utterly incomprehensible. The results show that in most cases, a division between West and South Slavic languages does exist and that West . The reason that these languages seem to be mutually intelligible is because almost all Ukrainians are bilingual anyway, and capable of switching between the two at will. There are new scientific figures for Czech-Slovak, Czech-Serbo-Croatian and Czech-Bulgarian. Polish is not intelligible with Kashubian, a language related to Polish spoken in the north of Poland. I am really sorry, but if you are speaking about science, you cannot just say. Yes because governments dont conspire do they except for the Gulf of Tonkin, Iraq war, drug trafficking, coups, supporting the same Islamic terrorism which is even mentioned in main stream press during the 90s with links to the 9/11 hijackers which we are now supposably fighting a phoney war on terror against. However, any suggestions that Kajkavian is a separate language are censored on Croatian TV (Jembrigh 2014).

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